Understanding social integration of Chinese students in the Netherlands: The role of friendships

This study explores the lived experiences of 28 Chinese international students to enhance understanding of their social integration in the Dutch higher education institutions, with a focus on inter-cultural friendships. The findings indicate that establishing friendships with non-Chinese students is challenging due to several reasons: language comprehension/production, cultural distance, interests in different social activities, lack of initiatives from Dutch students, (perceived) prejudice and discrimination, and dependence on the Chinese community. The findings underscore the need for institutions to provide more support for Chinese students regarding linguistic competences and cultural understanding, while highlighting the importance of promoting an inclusive academic environment