Exploring the viability of phase-based models in (de)radicalization

This chapter aims to explore the extent to which phase-based models can be used to accurately describe the process of deradicalization. It examines how this provides clues about which psychological processes could be targeted through specific interventions in different phases of the deradicalization process. The chapter describes some of the existing phase models that focus on movement to terrorism and discuss the main points of criticism levied against the type of model. It presents an overarching phase model of (de)radicalization which covers the most important aspects of the abovementioned existing theories, and aims to overcome some of the limitations. Triggers are concrete external events that can play a decisive role in both radicalization and deradicalization. The use of phase-based models to conceptualize processes of deradicalization and the use of such models as a starting point to design interventions imply a consideration of the different psychological factors and potential triggers that are at work in each phase.