Reviewing the Impact of Land Use and Land-Use Change on Moisture Recycling and Precipitation Patterns

Green water, or plant-available soil moisture, is a substantial subset of terrestrial fresh water. Land use change alters green water dynamics through interactions on the micro-level (i.e. between the soil and vegetation) and on the macro-level (i.e. between the land surface and atmosphere). Ongoing global deforestation, and growing interest in reforestation projects, begs the question whether such large-scale land use changes have major eco-hydrological impacts via the process of terrestrial moisture recycling (TMR). This requires a systematic, mechanistic understanding of green water dynamics in relation to land use change. Hence, this literature review addresses the above question via a scoping review that draws from papers covering empirical observations and simulated approximations on the hydrological effects of land use change from different parts of the world. The results show that some regions are more vulnerable to land use change than others and can affect local as well as distant hydrology of landscapes. Furthermore, we find that many studies focus on the global level or on tropical rainforests, through which we identify a knowledge gap for temperate regions and drylands. We derive analytical tools and directions for further research that can improve understanding of the effects of land use change on moisture recycling patterns in order to minimize unexpected hydrological impacts for nature and society.