Clinical dilemmas in acute neurological disorders

This thesis introduces the evolving landscape of acute neurology and the challenges it presents to clinicians in the emergency department (ED).
In Chapter 2, the focus is on mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in patients on anticoagulation therapy. The study, involving 905 patients, reveals that delayed intracranial hemorrhage within 24 hours is very rare after a normal cranial CT, suggesting that routine hospitalization may be unnecessary.
Chapter 3 delves into alcohol intoxication as a stroke mimic, especially in posterior circulation cases. The study, involving 974 patients, emphasizes considering measuring blood ethanol levels in patients with a possible stroke of the posterior circulation presenting after working hours. Nevertheless, elevated blood ethanol levels should not withhold clinicians from administering reperfusion therapy.
Chapter 4 explores the association between low blood pressure and outcomes after acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Analyzing data from 2124 patients, the study finds that low systolic blood pressure is linked to increased in-hospital mortality and complications, urging clinicians to investigate potential underlying conditions.
In Chapter 5, the focus shifts to AIS patients with active cancer undergoing endovascular treatment. The study, involving 2583 patients, indicates that despite technical success, those with active cancer experience significantly worse outcomes and an increased risk of recurrent stroke after EVT. Still, about a quarter of the patients regained functional independence, and the risk of other complications was not increased.
This thesis collectively highlights the importance of nuanced decision-making in acute neurology, offering insights into specific clinical dilemmas and proposing considerations for optimized patient care.