Cortical layer specific BOLD correlates of EEG oscillations

In this study, we demonstrate that α-, β-, and γ-oscillations can be related to activity in different cortical layers in the human brain. These cortical layers are believed to instantiate feedforward and feedback information streams. Electrophysiological oscillations in α- (8–12 Hz), β- (15–30 Hz), and γ- (40–100 Hz) bands have also been associated with different roles in feedforward and feedback processes and to different cortical layers in nonhuman animals. By simultaneously recording laminar functional MRI (fMRI) and EEG, we could directly link oscillatory signals to activity in cortical layers in humans. This research provides an important neural basis for noninvasive research into the role of cortical layers in information processing using laminar fMRI alone or combined with EEG.