A Dataset of Social-Psychological and Emotional Reactions during the COVID-19 Pandemic across Four European Countries

Abstract In April 2020, only a few weeks after the COVID-19 pandemic had erupted, we conducted an online survey and collected data from 2031 individuals in four European countries (Germany, the Netherlands, Spain and the United Kingdom) using a cross-sectional design. Participants recruited on Cint completed new and pre-existing measures of socio-political attitudes, perceived threats, appraisals (anger at the government, anger at transgressors of hygiene measures, anxiety about coronavirus via the appraisals of health-related threats), conspiracy mentality, moral reasoning, threat estimation (coronavirus, climate, symbolic material/safety), news consumption, support for and compliance with governmental hygiene measures, subjective social status and demographics. The dataset is stored on figshare repository. It can be used to study social-psychological, emotional, socio-political and socio-economic factors of the COVID-19 pandemic.    Keywords anger, anxiety, appraisal theory, conspiracy mentality, COVID-19 pandemic, populism, threat   Citation Abadi, D., Arnaldo, I., & Fischer, A. (2023). A Dataset of Social Psychological and Emotional Reactions During the COVID-19 Pandemic Across Four European Countries. Journal of Open Psychology Data, X: X, pp. 1–11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/jopd.86 License  Our dataset is published under the CC BY-SA license, which allows re-users to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format, as long the creator is credited. The license allows for commercial use. If you remix, adapt, or build upon the material, you must license the modified material under identical terms. Funding statement This research was funded by the European Union’s H2020 project Democratic Efficacy and the Varieties of Populism in Europe (DEMOS) under H2020-EU.3.6.1.1. and H2020-EU.3.6.1.2. (grant agreement ID: 822590).