Safeguarding Measures and the Interplay between the 1954 Hague Convention, its 1999 Second Protocol, and the 1972 World Heritage Convention

The present contribution aspires to shed light on the complex interplay between three very topical international legal instruments regarding safeguarding measures affording protection to cultural property and cultural heritage: the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) 1954 Convention on the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict (‘the 1954 Convention’), the Second Protocol to the Hague Convention of 1954 for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict (1999 Second Protocol),¹ and the 1972 Convention for the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage (World Heritage Convention).