'Citizenship of the Association': the examples of Turkey and Switzerland

While Union citizenship is limited to nationals of the EU Member States, important elements related to that concept have been projected upon relations with third states. This chapter focuses on the rights of Turkish and Swiss nationals and their family members enjoyed in the frame-work of, respectively, the EEC-Turkey Association Agreement and the EU–Swiss Agreement on the Free Movement of Persons. The aim is to establish how the rights of the nationals of these two countries fare in comparison to the rights enjoyed by Union citizens, and to what ex-tent these rights amount to "differentiated citizenship' or a "citizenship of the Association'. The overview of the Turkish and Swiss models, with their corresponding packages of rights, also provides useful clues as to whether these models could serve as a template or inspiration for agreements with the rights of other third-country nationals - notably including, post-Brexit, UK citizens in a future EU-UK Agreement.