Exact Quantum Sensing Limits for Bosonic Dephasing Channels

Dephasing is a prominent noise mechanism that afflicts quantum information carriers, and it is one of the main challenges toward realizing useful quantum computation, communication, and sensing. Here, we consider discrimination and estimation of bosonic dephasing channels, when using the most general adaptive strategies allowed by quantum mechanics. We reduce these difficult quantum problems to simple classical ones based on the probability densities defining the bosonic dephasing channels. By doing so, we rigorously establish the optimal performance of various distinguishability and estimation tasks and construct explicit strategies to achieve this performance. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of a non-Gaussian bosonic channel for which there are exact solutions for these tasks.