Temperamental risk factors for adolescent cannabis use: a systematic review of prospective general population studies

In order to establish the evidence for prospective relationships between temperamental and personality indicators of behavioral undercontrol and adolescent cannabis use, we systematically searched relevant papers published through April 2008. We assessed and evaluated 14 studies, of which only 4 were considered of high quality. Using "best evidence" synthesis, we found weak to moderate evidence for prospective relations between a combination of high approach and low avoidance and several measures of cannabis use. The study's limitations are noted. This review provides suggestions and recommendations for future studies in this area.