Compliance with cartel laws and the determinants of deterrence - an empirical investigation

This paper empirically investigates the drivers of compliance to cartel law and deterrence properties of enforcement tools with conjoint firm-level online survey data from the Netherlands. Compliance is measured by a response to varying hypothetical cartel scenarios. Respondents were asked to indicate the likelihood on a scale from 1 (lowest) to 10 (highest) that they would end a cartel that they discovered within their organization. The personal fine for the manager and the fine for the company have a statistically significant deterrent effect. Firm size, publicity following an infringement and the leniency program have no significant effect on compliance. For the most deterring scenario, the probability of a fully compliant outcome (defined as likelihood equal to 10) is estimated at .68. Self-reported knowledge of cartel law, having a compliance officer and the habit to consult a lawyer on competition law matters are statistically significant drivers of compliance.