Body composition and complications in oncological surgery

This thesis explores the relationship between measures of body composition and surgical outcome in patients with ovarian or colorectal cancer. It is thought that body composition of a person can influence their metabolic and inflammatory health. Therefore, it can influence the risk of postoperative complications. Four cohort studies and two systematic reviews were conducted to answer this questions. We concluded that body composition measurements, especially the amount of visceral fat, could be used to predict the risk of surgery in patients undergoing cancer treatment. The predictive value of muscle mass is unclear. To improve the comparability or interpretation of the results in future research, we recommend the use of a standardized method of body composition measurement. Based on the data presented in this thesis, we recommend the use of a transversal slice at a level between the third and fourth lumbar vertebrae. We suggest a range of Hounsfield units for adipose tissue from -140 to -50HU. Visceral obesity should be defined as visceral fat area ≥100 cm². An important recommendation in the discussion is that prevention of visceral obesity should be encouraged by focusing on regular physical activity and a healthy and balanced diet in the general population.