Zoekresultaten

Zoekopdracht: faculteit: "FMG" en publicatiejaar: "2011"

AuteurM.A. Schippefelt
TitelThe suppression effect and schizotypy : A closed world reasoning explanation
BegeleidersM. van Lambalgen, D.A. Neville
Jaar2011
FaculteitFaculteit der Maatschappij- en Gedragswetenschappen
Instituut/afd.FMG: Afdeling Psychologie
SamenvattingClosed world reasoning, a form of nonmonotonic, defeasible reasoning, was presented as an alternative explanation to theories based on classical logic, to explain different responses to a conditional reasoning task of the form ‘if p, then q.’ with abnormalities presented as second premise. It was examined whether schizophrenic-like personality traits were related to a jumping to conclusions reasoning style, by selecting low and high scorers on the O-LIFE. We expected individuals high in delusionproneness to show less suppression than individuals low in delusion-proneness. The results reveal that high scorers on (a) Impulsive Nonconformity show less suppression of DA and AC inferences than low scorers, (b) Cognitive Disorganization show more suppression of MT inferences than low scorers, and (c) Introvertive Anhedonia show more suppression of MP and MT inferences than low scorers. A mono clause reasoning style is proposed to account for the results on Impulsive Nonconformity, and the Cognitive Dissonance Theory is cited in relation with the results on Cognitive Disorganization. These reasoning styles may contribute to the formation of delusions. The general aim of the project was to show how modern logic, in the form of closed world reasoning, is able to contribute to the understanding of differences in human reasoning, by providing us with a method of examining the underlying structures of reasoning patterns, and a logic programming for modelling purposes.
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