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AuteurMarielle Gerritsen
TitelTurmoil in North Africa : the gaps in European immigration policy exposed? : a study that answer the question why it is so difficult for the European Union to agree on a Common European Asylum System and how reactions of member states on the influx of asylum seekers in the beginning of 2011 can be explained
BegeleidersJ. Doomernik, N. Vandekerckhove
Jaar2011
Pagina's78
FaculteitFaculteit der Maatschappij- en Gedragswetenschappen
Instituut/afd.FMG: Afdeling Politicologie
SamenvattingDue to a process of integration, the European Union is nowadays a deeply integrated supranational organization in where 27 member states cooperate on a variety of levels. On some levels, like economic topics, cooperation seems more apparently than on other levels, like humanitarian issues. For the last decades, efforts have been made to increase integration within the EU on a more humanitarian level. For instance, huge differences still exist between national asylum systems in Europe, making the asylum system a ‘lottery’ for refugees. Also, the country where a refugee first enters needs to deal with the asylum application, and this puts a huge burden on southern European countries. In order to overcome this inequality between member states, there have been negotiations and efforts for years to agree on a Common European Asylum System, but it seems a difficult task to complete. An important factor in this is the trend towards securitization of immigration policy, a process in where a political actor pushes an area of ‘normal politics’ into the security realm by using the existential threat in order to justify the adoption of emergency measures outside the formal procedures. This process is illustrated through recent reactions of the EU member states regarding North African refugees in the beginning of 2011. From a theoretical perspective, there is a discrepancy between the tendency for more coordination and cooperation on immigration issues between member states, but also the wish to retain real control of immigration within each individual member state. So each state is having different interests and is acting according to these interests. These motives are explained though a neo‐realistic en constructivist view. The turmoil in North Africa and the immigration flow this has generated could create more tension and unilateral acting of member states, but could also be a landmark in where member states walk a more positive path and create solidarity and cooperation on a higher level then until now.
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