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journal id: "astronomyxandxastrophysics"
| Authors | J.W. Hovenier, D.M. Stam | | Title | Behavior of the reflection function of a plane-parallel medium for directions of incidence and reflection tending to horizontal directions |
| Journal | Astronomy and Astrophysics |
| Volume | 490 |
| Year | 2008 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 853-858 |
| ISSN | 00046361 |
| Faculty | Faculty of Science |
| Institute/dept. | FNWI: Astronomical Institute Anton Pannekoek (IAP) |
| Abstract | The atmospheres of (exo) planets and moons, as well as reflection nebulae, contain in general independently scattering particles in random orientation and are often supposed to be plane-parallel. Relations are presented for the (bidirectional) reflection function and several related functions of such a medium in case the directions of incidence and reflection both tend to horizontal directions. The results are quite general. The medium may be semi-infinite or finite, with or without a reflecting surface underneath, and vertically homogeneous or inhomogeneous. Some approximative formulae for the reflection function of a plane-parallel medium with independently scattering particles in random orientation, including Lambert's law, may be very inaccurate if the directions of incidence and reflection are both nearly horizontal. |
| Document type | Article |
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